Dr Haris Zacharatos: Cyprus' expertise in AI-driven defence tech and strategic location create unique opportunities

CELLOCK specialises in AI solutions for edge computing and situational awareness for defence, integrating real-time decision-making, sensor fusion and autonomous capabilities into mission-critical systems.

With multi-spectral analysis, deep learning and automated alerts, CELLOCK delivers actionable intelligence, improving response times and operational efficiency across land, sea and air domains. By combining deep learning, computer vision and edge processing, CELLOCK ensures that defence forces operate with maximum efficiency, reduced cognitive load and superior tactical awareness in high-stakes environments.

Dr Haris Zacharatos, CEO, CELLOCK Ltd recently talked to GOLD magazine about the company's products, services, and wider philosophy.

The world has always been defined by conflict and uncertainty, especially in our part of the world. Given this backdrop, why do you believe it has become critically important for Cyprus to invest in its defence sector now?

As an occupied nation, Cyprus must strengthen its local defence ecosystem to ensure long-term resilience and sustainability. Recent conflicts have demonstrated that technological superiority can offset numerical superiority in warfare, emphasising the need for strategic investments in next-generation defence technologies. Cyprus has the expertise and capability to lead in Artificial Intelligence, space-based intelligence and autonomous systems, fortifying national defence against emerging threats. A robust defence tech sector will not only enhance security but will also drive high-tech job creation, stimulate local industries and position Cyprus as a leader in dual-use AI and security innovations on the global stage

While European defence R&D spending increased significantly – it reached €11 billion in 2023, more than doubling the amount spent in 2016 – the US and China outspent EU member states. How does this spending disparity impact your ability to innovate and compete on a global scale? Are there any other structural issues on a European level that need to be addressed?

While European defence spending is rising, it needs to be smarter, faster and more coordinated to compete with the US and China. Reducing fragmentation, accelerating R&D and fostering public-private partnerships will enable Europe to close the innovation gap and achieve greater strategic autonomy in the global defence landscape. Europe must invest in semiconductor independence, AI chips and quantum computing to reduce its reliance on US and Chinese technologies. In addition, the EU AI Act is outdated, especially for defence applications. My proposition as an AI specialist is to create a different AI Act for Defence. This can be initiated by Cyprus, especially under the 2026 EU presidency.

On a local level, does the relatively small size of Cyprus' defence cluster present challenges in competing with larger ecosystems, or are there unique strengths you can leverage?

While Cyprus’ defence cluster faces limitations in size and funding, its agility, expertise in AI-driven defence tech and strategic location create unique opportunities. By focusing on niche defence capabilities, leveraging EU funding and expanding international partnerships, Cyprus can compete with larger ecosystems but it will take time. We can leverage battlefield-proven technologies that have demonstrated significant impact in modern warfare, including AI, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and autonomous systems. The integration of these advanced capabilities enhances situational awareness, rapid decision-making and force protection.

Cyprus is strengthening its defence ties with nations like the US and France while aiming to allocate 2% of its GDP to defence. How have these impacted your work, and what additional changes are needed to position Cyprus as a key player in Europe’s defence ecosystem?

The relationship with the US and France has had a positive impact on the Cyprus defence sector by expanding collaboration opportunities, increasing funding and driving technological advancements. Participation in EDF, PESCO and NATO initiatives increases the export potential for Cyprus’ defence products and technology innovations.

Finally, as drones, robotics and AI take centre stage in the theatre of modern warfare, what is the next defining innovation?

The future of warfare will be defined by AI-powered autonomy, seamless human-machine collaboration and real-time adaptive intelligence. In addition, technologies like quantum computing and space intelligence will prevail. Nations that invest in these next-generation capabilities will dominate the battlespace, ensuring strategic superiority.

COLLABORATIONS

Working closely with border security agencies and technology partners, CELLOCK drives interoperability and intelligence-sharing. It is actively engaged in several joint projects and strategic partnerships aimed at enhancing defence capabilities through AI-driven solutions. Embedded Situational Awareness (eVSA) is an advanced wearable AI system designed for soldier operations, which enhances real-time situational awareness by integrating augmented target recognition, smart riflescope capabilities and predictive analytics. Additionally, CELLOCK is working on Interoperability for Border and Maritime Surveillance, a project focused on strengthening situational awareness across maritime and land borders.

This interview first appeared in the February edition of GOLD magazine. Click here to view it.